Sheet binder



June 5, GRlNNELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan; 3, 1941 10 Shets-Sheet l June 5, 1945. G. G.GRINNELL I 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 @flw, wmgg June 5,1945. G. e. GRINNELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 I 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 June5, 1945.GGGRMELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 June 5, 1945. G. c.GRINNELL 2,377,340

SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 l a l 4 7 1A G. G. GR|NNELL SHEET BINDER June 5, 1945.

Fild Jan. 5. 1941 10 Sheets-Shea; 8

June 5, 1945. G. G. GRINN LL SHEET BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10Sheets-Shec 9 a 3 6 3 3 z 34 My W 7 m a 0 a 2 Q a .K z @flzm Q J 7 o e elb 9 5 .Q 0 0 in 5 Mm 7 fi m 9 W 12 I M z {1 a I f 0 0 2 f 4 m y 5 6 4fl 7 m C w 0M 4 7/ a m 7 a 1 g 7 6 .0 4 6 9 Q W 7 I -1 Z a a Jun e 5,1945. G. G. GRINNELL snma'r BINDER Filed Jan. 3, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet l0Patented June 5, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 2,377,340 SHEETBINDER George G. Grinnell, Portland, Oreg. Application January 3, 1941,Serial No. 373,021 14 Claims. (01. 1-40) My invention relates to sheetbinders.

- One of the objects of my invention is to provide improved apparatusfor forming binder elements from wire, drilling a pad of sheets to bebound, and inserting the binders through the drilled holes in thesheets.

A further object of my invention is to provide improved apparatus forfeeding a pad of sheets laterally step by step, perforating the pad, and

inserting binders or fastener elements through the perforations.

A furtherobject of my invention is to provide apparatus for drillingsuperimposed sheets without burring the outermost sheets.

A further object of my invention is'to provide an improved apparatus forforming binder elements from flat wire.

A further object is to provide an improved multiple loop binder formedof fiat wire.

Further objects and advantages of the inven: tion will be apparent fromthe description and claims.

In the drawings, in which my invention is illustrated, i

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the fastener forming elementapparatus;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the drilling and insertingapparatus;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the fastener forming mechanism; j

Fig. 4 is a perspective end elevational view of the fastener formingapparatus;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the wire feeding apparatus, thewire severing apparatus and the tool and die forming apparatus;

Fig. 14 is a vertical section showing the drilling mechanism;

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section on the line ss of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is an enlarged transverse vertical section showing the inserter,forming anvil, and forming die;

Fig. 16a is a transverse vertical section similar to Fig. 16 but showingthe parts in a different position;

Fig. 17 is a horizontal sectional view on the line II-Il ofFig. 13; v

Fig. 18 is a bottom view of the tablet carriage; Fig. 19 is aperspective view showing a multiple coil fastener; and Fig. 20 shows theelongated fastener before it is inserted. Referring to the drawings indetail, the construction shown comprises a mechanism for withdrawingflat wire I from a reel, straightening it, and feeding it to a formingdevice 2 (Figs. 6, 7, and 8), mechanism 3 for cutting the wire intosections of the proper length for forming the U-- shaped fasteners 4,mechanism including a plunger 5 and die 6 for forming the severedsections into U-shaped fastener'devices ,4, guide means I (Figs. 1 and2) for delivering the Ushaped faslug. 6 is a longitudinal verticalsectional view showing the tool and die forming apparatus;

Fi '7 is a horizontal section on the line 1-7 of Fig. 6

Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7

Fig. 8a is a perspective view showing the tool and forming die; 3

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the fafse I tener elements; I

Fig. 10 is a front elevational perspective view of the drilling andinserting apparatus;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the tape feeding and fastenersegregating mechanism;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the segreating mechanism andinserting mechanism;

13 is a vertical transverse section showing the segregating mechanism,inserting mechanism, and the drilling mechanism;

teners 4 from the forming device to a segregating and feeding mechanismIa, means 8 for drilling holes in a tablet I I with the holes suitablyspaced to receive the ends of the U-shaped fastener '4, and means IIIfor removing the fasteners, one at a time, from said segregating device,inserting them through the holes in the tablet II, and forming them intoa twin loop binder I2 (Figs. 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16).

The mechanism for withdrawing the wire from th reel and feeding it tothe forming die comprises a pair of friction feed wheels I3 (Figs. 3, 4,and 5) constantly. driven from the motor I4, for frictionally feedingthe wire I to the forming device 2, a pairof friction feed rolls I5 forinsur- "ing a suiilcient supply of wire to the feed rolls I3, alsoconstantly driven from the motor I4, and guiding and straightening rollsing the wire as it is removed guiding it to'the feed rolls I5.

In order to adjust the speed of the feed rolls I8 and I 5 to insure thefrom the reel and able across the face of this friction disc I1 andsplined a shaft 20 on which thegear 2| is I6 for straightenproper rateof supply, a variable speed drive is provided between the motor 1mounted. This gear 2| is driven from the motor It by means of a pulley22 on the motor shaft 23, a belt 24 running over this pulley, and apulley 25 overwhich this belt 24 runs mounted on a shaft 26 on which thepinion 2! is mounted which meshes with the gear 2 I Any suitable meansmay be provided for controlling the speed of the motor I4.

The means 3 for severing the wire into sections of the proper lengthcomprises a shearing knife' 28 underneath the wire I as it travels, asshown in Figs. 6 and 8, and an L-shaped arm 29, on

which this knife is mounted, pivotally mounted at 30 (Figs. 1, 3, 4, andA spring 3| is pro- 'vided which normally holds the knife 28 in lowered.

position. An electromagnet 32 is provided cooperating with an armature33 on the knife arm to effect the severing action of the'knife. Thiselecoperating with this die 6, operating transversely of the directionof travel of the wire I and serving to force the severed section of wireinto the die to cause the section to assume the U-shape as shown inFigs. 6, 7, 8, and 9.

The plunger tool 5 is operated from the same motor-driven shaft 20 whichfeeds the wire I and controls the movement of the knife 28, by means ofa crankjl mounted on the motor driven shaft 20, a connecting rod Itpivotally secured at 39 to the crank 31, and a wrist pin connection 40with the slide H to which the fastener-forming tool 5 is secured. Withthis construction, it will be seen that each revolution of themotor-driven shaft 2! will cause a section of wire to be out oh by theknife 28 and will cause the tool 5 to make one complete stroke back andforth to form one of the U-shaped fasteners. At the same time thefriction feed wheels II will be rotated to cause the wire to be advancedsufficiently to provide material for another'fastener. Anadjustable stop42 (Figs. 5 and 7) is interposed in the path of travel ofizhe wire tostop the travel for an instant while the wire is being severed. Theinstant the section is severed on, the plunger tool 5 engages the middlepart of the section and forces it into the die. Means are provided forenabling the feeding of the wire to be resumed while the plunger dieismaking this stroke back and forth. For this purpose, the edge of theplunger is beveled, as shown at 43 (Fig. 8), to enable the advance endof the severed wire to ride up along this incline 43 and to pass acrossand above the plunger as, the plunger-is making its back-and-forthstroke, as shown in Fig. 8.

In order that the plunger may engage the wire when the plunger beginsits advance, the front end of the plunger is relieved to provide afastener-engaging shoulder 44 (Figs. 6, 7, and 8a);

In order to insure that the wire is brought down,

so as to be in the path of this'shoulder 44 when the plungerci beginsits advance, a. cam-controlled, spring-pressed depressor slide 45 isprovided. This depressor slide 45 is mounted in fixed guides 46 adjacentthe entrance to the die and is urged downwardly by means of acompression spring 41. The downward movement of this depressor slide iscontrolled by a cam depression 68 in a cam bar 49 which reciprocateswith the plunger tool 5, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. When the plungertool 5 is withdrawn so that the relieved front portion 50 (Fig. 8a) ofthe plunger is underneath the wire I, the cam depression 48 will havebeen moved to a position which will enable the wire depressor 45 to movedownwardly to force the wire I onto the relievedportion 50 of theplunger tool. This insures that the flat wire will not buckle up andelude the front edge of the shoulder portion 44 of the forming tool inits initial movement.

In order to straighten out the connecting portion SI of the U-shapedfastener, a reciprocable cam-controlled, spring-pressed stop 52 isprovided (Figs. 6 and 7) This stop 52 is moved up and out of the way bythe cam bar 49 to enable the election of the completed fasteners and ismoved down into the path of the connecting part II of a succeedingfastener by means of a compression spring I! when the depressed camportion 48 of the cam slide comes underneath the follower portion of thereciprocable stop.

In order to insure at the fastener 4 is not withdrawn or partiallywithdrawn as the plunger tool I returns, a snap spring detent 58 isprovided, secured at one end at 56 and having its free end I! inposltlon to snap down into the recess I in the shoulder 44 of the tool Ibehind the crosspiece II of the U-shaped fastener when this crosspieceis pressed against the 'reciprocable stop 52. The die 6 and tool I arerelieved and rounded off Flhfle necessary to facilitate the bending andormlng operations.

The means for delivering the fasteners from the forming device 2 to theselecting and'segregating plunger 58 (Figs. 13 and 17) comprises theguide rail I which the U-shaped fasteners 4 straddle as they are pushedout of the die by the plunger tool 5 and down which they gravitate toform a vertical stack 60 of substantially horizontal fastenets above thesegregating plunger 69. A guard rail Otis provided above the guide railto insure that the fasteners remain in engagement with the guide rail I.

The tablet drilling and fastener-inserting mechanism comprises broadly ahorizontally movable carriage 62 (Figs. 2, 10, l3, l6, and 18) on Iwhich the\pad of sheets II to, be fastened together are secured inposition, a treadle-controlled step-by-step feed for this carriage toshift the tablet edgewise after each drilling and fastener-insertingoperation to bring the-tablet in position for another drilling andfastener-inserting operation, a treadle-controlled return mechanism forreturning the tablet carriage to initial position after all of thefasteners have been inserted, a pair of rotary drills 63 (Figs. 2, 12,14 and 16) for drilling a pair of holes in the tablet pad, properlyspaced to receive the legs of a fastener element and a mechanism III foraligning the fasteners andinserting them feet first through the pair ofpreviously-drilled holes I in the tablet pad II.

Three motors are provided, one 64 (Fig. 10)

for effecting the rotary movement of the pair of drills 63 and aone-step v cured, about which the 'cable passes.

step feed of the tablet carriage, the insertion of the U-shaped fastenerelement, and the feed for the two guard tapes 61 and 68 which are fed,respectively, above and below the tablet II as it is being drilled, toprevent the mutilation of the outside sheets of the tablet by the pointof the drill. The operation of the pedal 68 Fig. causes the axialmovement of the drill head 8, the actuation of the pedal 10 causes theinsertion of a fastener element, and the operation of the pedal 1Icauses the return of the tablet carriage. I In operation it iscustomary, first, to depress the pedal 69 to drill a pair of holes inthe tablet pad II without causing the operation of the fastenerinserter, then to shift the foot slightly to the left, as viewed in Fig.10, so as to rest on both pedals 69 and10, and depress both pedals tocause the insertion of a fastener 4 into the two holes and to cause thedrilling of two holes spaced from the first two holes for the subsequentinsertion of another fastener. As explained hereinafter, each time thepedal 69 is depressed, it will cause an up-and-down movement of thefeeding movement of the carriage 62.

For the insertion of the final fastener element of the tablet sheets,the operator may either depress both pedals 69 and 10, causing the riseof the drill head and the insertion of a fastener in the last pair ofholes in the tablet (the tablet having passed beyond the position inwhich it will be in the path of the drills), or the operator may simplydepress the inserter pedal 10 causing the insertion of a fastenerwithout any axial movement of the drill head. When the last fastener hasbeen inserted in the tablet, the operator depresses the carriage-returnpedal, causing the carriage to return to its initial position.

After passing through the tablet, the point of the drill enters a woodenblock 12 (Fig. 13) which is automatically pressed against the upperguard tape during the drilling operation. The first drilling movementforms a guide recess or pocket in the under face of the wooden block 12which serves to center the point of the drill as it passes through thetablet.

The mechanism forfeeding the U-shaped fasteners from the vertical stack60 to the forming anvil 13 and forming die 14 (Figs. 12, 13, 16, and 17)comprises the selecting and segregating plunger 59 operating in ahorizontal plane undarneath the stack of fasteners, and a pair of spacedparallel aligning rock arms 15 (Fig. 13) for moving the segregatedfastener 4 from a horizontal position to a vertical position inalignment with the inserter plunger'16' which reciprocates up and downand, on its downward stroke, engages the cross bar SI of the U-shapedfas tener 4 and forces the fastener downwardly to' cause its lower endsto bend around inside of the arcuateguide channels in the die 14 andaround the semicylindrical surface of the anvil 18, as shown in Figs.10, 12,13, and 16. A suitable.spring-pressed presser foot 16a isprovided for holding the tablet pad II down on the carriage 62 duringthe inserting operation.

The drive for the step-by-step carriage feed by-step release orescapment for the carriage I shaft 9| (Figs. 11). Each time the shaft 9|makes one revolution, the cam 90 will cause the lever 81 to rock up anddown and will cause the withdrawal and return of the stop pin 83 on theslide 82 with respect to the stop pins 84 on the carriage rack- 92. Themovement of this stop slide ,82 is so rapid that it will release onestop pin 84on the carriage and catch the next stop on the carriagebeforethe weight 80 has time enough to pull the carriage stop past thestop slide.

' For returning the carriage to initial position after it has completedits step-by-step feeding movement to the left, as viewed in Fig. 10, anendless cable 93 is provided having a lost-motion connection with thetablet carriage 62 and passing over the end pulleys 94 and 95. The cable93 may be brought into driven relationship with respect to the drivepulley 96 by means of cable tightener pulleys 91 and 98 mounted on thepedal-controlled rock lever 99. The .drive pulley 96 is driven from themotor by means of a cable I00 passing over the drive pulley II on them0- tor and over a driven pulley I02 mounted on the shaft I03 to whichthe drive pulley 96 is secured.

When the carriage return pedal is depressed, it

pulls the carriage stop 83 out of the way of the stop abutment 84 of thecarriage and rocks the rock lever' 99 about its pivot I04 to move thecable tightener pulleys 91 and 99 upwardly to press the cable 93 firmlyagainstthe drive pulley 96. The carriage return pedal H is secured tothe stop slide 82 by means of a link I05, a crosshead I06 (Fig. 2)secured to the link I05, and a coil compression spring I01 engaged bythe crosshead I06 and bearing on the head I08 of a slide rod I09 securedto the slide 82. The cross head I06 slides on the rod I09 until thespring I01 is compressed sufliciently'to' press the slide 82downcomprises a cord or cable 11 (Fig. 10) having one end 18 secured tothe tablet carriage 62 and th over which this cable 11 passes, and aweight to the upper end of which a pulley 8| is seother end 18a securedto the frame, a pulley 19 The step- 7 straddles pulleys 81 and 98 ward.The rock lever 99 is secured to the crosshead I06 by means of a rod IIOpivotally connected with the lever 99 at L A spring I I2 is providedwhich tends to hold the stop slide 82 in raised position and to hold thecable tightener away from the cable 93.

The cam 90. can cause withdrawal and return of the stop 83 withoutcausing movement of the cable tightening lever 99, since the rod I09 isslidable in the crosshead I06. When the pedal H is depressed it firstactuates the cable tightening lever 99 and then, when the' downwardpressure of the spring I01 overcomes the upward pressure of the springII 2 on the stop slide 82, the stop 83 will be withdrawn to enable thedrive pulley 99 to return the tablet carriage 62 to startiorked abutmentthe cable so that the button I II on the H9 on the carriage, which cablecan engage the fork. Because of the forked connection II6 between thecable and carriage, the carriage may be readily disconnected and removedfrom the cable when desired.

In order to insure that the first set of feed rolls I will supply wireto the second set of feed rolls I3 as fast as necessary and in order toprevent an oversupply of wire to the second set of feed rolls, means areprovided for. separating the first set of feed rolls I5 to stop the wirefeeding operation when the loop III of wire between the first set ofrolls and the second set of rolls exceeds a certain length and to bringthe first set of feed rolls II5 together again to resume the feedingoperation when the length of this loop decreases beyond a certainextent. The means shown may comprise an electromagnet II8 energized whenthe loop II'I exceeds a certain length and deenergized when the loopfalls below a certain length, and transmission between the armature ll!of this electromagnet and the first set of feed rolls to separate therolls when the electromagnet is energized and to bring them togetheragain when the electromagnet is deenergized.

For controlling th electromagnet a switch is provided having a switcharm I28 (Fig. 4) located in the, range of movement of the upper strandof the loop I", the strands of the loop being guided and held againstlateral movement by a wire guide lock I2I.- If the first set'of rolls l5feeds th wire so fast that the loop I" increases in size to. such anextent as to engage and move the switch arm I28, the electromagnet IIIwill be energized, causing the feed rolls II to separate and stopfeeding the wire. This causes the loop I I! to decrease in size as therolls II continue to feed. As the loop Ill decreases in size itdisengages the switch arm I20, which drops to open position todeenergize the electromagnet III, causing the rolls I5 to resume theirfeeding operation.

The mechanism for withdrawing the tapes 8! and "from the storage spoolsI22, guiding them to positions, respectively, above and below the tabletbeing bound (Figs. 2, 10, 11, 12, and 14) comprises th guides-I23 fordirecting the tapes into position with respect to the tablet, and a pairof step-by-step feed rolls I24 between which both tapes pass after theyhave moved past the tablet. The mechanism for giving the step-by-stepfeed to these two feed rolls comprises a ratchet wheel I25 (Figs. 2 and11) on th shaft of one of the feed rolls I24, a rock levez' I26 coaxialwith this ratchet. wheel, a pawl I21 mounted on this lever actuating theratchet wheel I25, a link I26 pivotally connected with the rock lever, abell crank pivotally .mounted at I29 and having one arm I38 p ota yconnected with the link I28, a connecting rod I3I pivotally connected atI32 with the other arm I33 of the bell crank, and a crank I84 (Fig. towhich the other end of the connecting rod is pivotally secured, mountedon the shaft 9|. With this construction, it will be seen that every timethe shaft BI is given a single revolution the pawl" carrying lever I26will be given a movement back and forth to effect a single feed step ofthe tape feed rolls I24. The transmission is so timed that the step feedof the tape will be made at a time when the drills 63 are withdrawn fromthe tablet so as not to interfere with the tape feeding movement.

As previously indicated, the purpose of the guard tapes 6! and 68 is toprevent the mutilation of the outside sheets of the; tablet by the pointof the drill. The feed for these tapes is com- Thedrive for the shaft 8|is from the motor 66 through the belt I35 (Figs. 10, 11, and 12) runningover the pulley on the motor shaft, a pulley I36 over which the beltruns, a shaft II! on which this pulley is mounted, a sprocket wheel I38mounted on this shaft, a sprocket chain I38 running over this sprocketwheel I38 and a large sprocket wheel I46 connectible and disconnectiblewith respect to the shaft 8i by means of a clutch I (Fig. 11) controlledby the pedal 68 in such a manner that when the clutch is released theshaft 8| will stop in a fixed deflnite'position.

The transmission from the clutch pedal 68 (Fig. 10) to the clutch I4Icomprises a rock arm I42 mounted on the rock shaft I48 to whichthe pedal68 is secured, a link I44 pivotally connected at one end to this rockarm, and a clutch controlling member I45 pivotally secured to the' sion,by which this axial feed movement of the.

drill head is effected, comprises a bevel gear I46 mounted on the shaft8I, a bevel gear I" (Figs. 2, 11, 14 and 15) meshing with the firstbevel gear I46, a shaft I48 on which this second bevel gear I41 ismounted, a combination cam and crank disc I48 secured to this shaft I48,and a connecting rod I58 pivotally secured to the crank shaft at one endand pivotally secured ,to the vertically slidable drill head "I at theother end.. With this construction it will be seen that every time thetape is given a feed step the drill head I5I is caused to be moved upanddown In proper timed relation.

From the preceding description, it will be seen that each time the pedal65 is depgessed the shaft 9i will be. given one complete revolution,which causes-the up-and-down movement of the drill head I5I, theone-step feeding movement of the tape, and the one-step feeding movementof the tablet carriage 62, all in proper timed relatlon. t

In order to bring the wooden block 12 down on the tablet at the propertime in the drilling operation, it is mounted on a slide I52 verticallymovable in the standard I53 and caused to move up and down by means ofthe cam formed on the edge of the crank disc I46 which engages afollower roller I54 on the lever I55 pivotally mounted at I56 andconnected with the vertically movable slide I52 by means of a connectingrod I51 pivotally secured to the lever at I58 and pivotally secured tothe sliding block at I59.

The mechanism for driving the segregator slide comprises a connectingrod I60 pivotally secured at I6I (Figs. 11, 12 and 17) to the segregatorslide 59, a lever I62 to which the other end of this connecting rod issecured, pivotally mountcam I65 engaging this roller to actuate thelever I62, a clutch I66 for connecting and disconnecting the rotatablecam I65 with respect to the gear I61, and a pinion I68 (Fig. 11) meshingwith this gear I61 and mounted on the motor driven shaft I31. The clutchI66 is controlled from the pedal Hi ,so that when the pedal I0 isdepressed it will cause the clutch. to be connected to cause the cam I65to rotate- The clutch 75 I66 is so designed that when the pedal 70 is edat I63, a roller I64 on this lever, a rotatable I raised, the clutchwill be disconnected and the cam will stop in a fixed definite positionin which the segregator slide 59 will be in its withdrawn position. Thetransmission from the pedal to the clutch I66 comprises the rock shaftI69, to which the pedal is secured, a rock arm 110 secured to this rockshaft, and a connecting rod I1| pivotally connected with this rock armand extending to the clutch to control its operation. When the clutchI66 is actuated to cause rotation of the cam I65, the lever I62 is movedback and forth to cause the segregator slide 59 to select the lowermostfastener from the stack and feed it horizontally under the rock arms 15.

The mechanism for controlling the operation of the two rock arms 15which move the fastener element away from the segregator slide 59 intovertical position in the path of the inserter plunger 16 comprises arock shaft I12 (Figs. 13 and 17) on which the rock arms 15 are mounted,a latch member I13 (Fig. 12) having a latch shoulder I13a secured to theend of this rock shaft,

a rocking detent I14 pivotally mounted at I15, the upper end of which isengageable and disengageable with respect to the latch member I13, and atrigger rod I16 engaging. at one end the lower end of the detent memberI14 and engageable at its other end by an adjustable screw I11 threadedin a bracket I18 secured to the segre- .gator slide 59. A coil tensionspring I19 is provided which will efiect the swinging movement of thelatch I13 (counterclockwise), rock shaft I12,v and rock arms 15 when thedetent I14 is moved to disengage the latch member I13 which is providedwith a shoulder I19a into which the upper end of detent I14 normally isengaged, as shown in Fig. 12. For returning this latch mem ber I13 atthe end of the down stroke of the inserter plunger 16, a cam member I isprovided, movable up and down with the inserter plunger 16 andengageable with the latch member I13 at the lower end of its movement tomove the latch member in a clockwise direction to restore its latchedposition with respect to the upper arm of detent I14 in the shoulderHim. I

-The drive for the vertically reciprocable inserter plunger 16 comprisesa crank I6I rotatable with the motor driven cam I65, a connecting rodI82 pivotally secured at I83 to this crank,

and a wrist pin I84 pivotally connectin the plunger end of theconnecting rod I82 to the inserter slide 16. As the inserter slide movesdownwardly, the cross bar 5| of the U-shaped fastener, 4 isengaged-between the sloping face I65 (Figs: 16 and 16a) of the slide andthe oppositely sloping face I66 of a spring-pressed plunger I81 slidablymounted in a guide bore in the plunger 16. As the plunger 16 movesdownwardly, the fastener is forced downwardly ahead of the plunger, thelegs of the fastener entering the arcuate channels in the die 14. Thisdie causes the legs to curl into an arcuate shapaxas shown in Fig.

16, and steers the ends of the legs .into the drilled openings in thetablet I l. The semicylindrical anvil 13 cooperates with the die indirecting the legs in this curling movement. At the time when the freeends of the curled legs have formed a trifle more than a complete'circle, as shown in Figs. 16, the spring-pressed plunger will haveengaged the stop finger I66 on'the adjustable stop I69to limit themovement of the spring-pressed movement of theslide 16 will cause thebeveled end I65 of this slide 16 to engage the crossbarg of the fastenerand force this crossbar 5I"and the upper ends of the legs of thefastener into the position shown in Fig. 16, the U-shaped fastener thenbeing shaped substantially as shown in Fig. 19. Since the crank I8I ison the same clutchcontrolled shaft as the segregator controlling camI65, the segregator slide 59, aligning arms 15, and the inserter plunger16 will be operated in proper timed relation.

In order to enable the tablet carriage to be shifted laterally after thefastener is inserted,

the die 14 (Fig. 13) is mounted so that it can be moved out of the wayof the tablet toenable this feeding operation. For this purpose the dieis pivotally mounted at I and is controlled by a cam I6I (Figs. 12 and13) mounted on a rock arm I92 pivotally mounted at I93 and a plunger rodI94 slidably mounted in, the bracket I96, pivotally connected with therock lever I92. and carrying a follower roller I96 at its upper end forcooper- 'ation with a cam I91 rotatable with the cam I65.

A coil tension spring I96 is provided for insuring that the die 14 willswing downwardly when the cam I9I is moved downwardly to move the camsurface I99 out of the way of the pivoted die 14. Thus the pivoted die14 is moved in proper timed relation with respect to the operation ofthe inserter slide 16 to enable the die to swing clear of the tablet inits lateral feeding movement.

Referring to Figs. 12, 13, and 16, when the die 14 is in its loweredposition, its curved forming surface will be moved away out of contactwith the inserted fastener so that when the tablet is shifted laterallythe loop of the fastener can readily slip laterally oil; from the anvil13 without any drag from the forming die 14.

The presser foot 16a is mounted on a slide rod 200 (Figs. 2, 10, 12, and13) which is slidablein a bracket 2M secured to the standard I53 inwhich the vertically reciprocable plunger 16' is mounted. The upper endof the slide rod 200 is connected to the standard by means of a; coiltension spring 202. The downward movement of the presser foot itefiected by the engagement of the lower edge of the guide sleeve 203carried by the plunger 16 with a washer 203a surrounding the slide rod200 and bearing on a coil compression spring 204 which at its lower endbears on a shoulder 205 on the slide rod. As the plunge: carrying slide16 moves downwardly, the sleeve 203 engages the washer 203a which bearson the compression spring 204, compressing this spring until sufllcientdownward pressure is exerted on the slide rod 200 to overcome the actionof the coil tension spring 202. This will cause the presser foot 16a toengage the upper face of the tablet to hold it in proper position whilethe fastener is being inserted.

The tablet is held in place on the carriage by means of suitableadjustable flanges 206 and 201 (Figs. 2, 10 and 13) engaging-the sideedges of the tablet pad. The right-hand positioning flange (as viewed inFig. 10) is laterally adjustable on the carriage by means of screws 208extending through the face of the flange and threaded into any one of aplurality of pairs of openings 209 in the carriage (Figs. 10 and 18).

Means are provided for quickly effecting a withdrawing clamping actionof the left-hand flange 201 in placing the tablet pad in position and inremoving it. For this purpose, the left-hand flange is slidably mountedin a bracket 2I0 secured to the carriage 62 and is pressed toward theopposing pressed flange is adjustably secured to the carriage by meansof screws extending through the bracket and threaded into any pair ofthe adjustment holes 209 in the carriage.

The distance to which the tablet pad may be pushed inwardly is limitedby means of adjustable stops 2 l3 (Figs. 2, l and 12) on the frame ofthe machine.

The carriage is provided with four rollers 214 which travel on paralleltracks 2|! provided by the flanges of a channel member 2| 8 secured to Ythe frame (Fi s. 13 and 18).

In use, when the machine is supplied with the material to be operatedon, including the fiat wire I and the guard tapes 61 and 68, and themachine is put in operation, the fastener forming mechanism operatescontinuously as previously described to supply the U-shaped fasteners 4to the guide 7 from which guide they are removed. one at a time, by thesegregating and feeding mechanism 1a. The timing of these' successiveoperations of the feeding mechanism is controlled by the operator. Aspreviously indicated, the operator places a pad or tablet in position onthe carriage 62 and allows the carriage to move to the left is viewed inFig. 10, until a stop pin 84 engages the stop 82 to bring the tabletinto proper position for drilling and inserting the fastener. Theoperator then depresses the pedal 69 to drill a pair of holes in thetablet or pad I I without causing the operation of the fastenerinserter, then shifts the foot slightly to the left, as viewed in Fig.10, so as to rest on both pedals 59 and i0, and then depresses bothpedals to cause the insertion of a fastener 4 into the two holes and tocause the drilling of two holes spaced from the first two holes for thesubsequent insertion of another fastener.

For the insertion of the final fastener element of the tablet sheets.the operator may either depress both pedals 69 and 10,.causing the riseof the drill head and the insertion of a-fastener in the last-pair ofholes in the tablet (the tablet having passed beyond the position inwhich it will be in the path of the drills) or the operator may simplydepress the inserter pedal 70 causing the insertion of a fastenerwithout any axial movement of the drill head. When the last fastener hasbeen inserted in the tablet, the operator depresses the carriage-returnpedal H, causing the carriage to-return to its initial position.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing a multiple coil fastener 223 whichis designed to be inserted to an extent which will form several coilsfrom each leg of the fastener.

Fig. 20 shows the elongated fastener of Fig. 19

' before it is inserted.

I have found that fasteners with a colored coating may be made byproviding the wire with a coating obcoloring material before thefasteners are formed. The forming of the fasteners doesnot materiallyinjure the coating. This enables fasteners to be made in variouscolorsto harmonize with the tablet covers, or the like.

,While the word tablet has been used in describing the apparatus, it isto be understood that this apparatus may be useful in any situationwhere it is desired to perforate and bind sheets.

Further modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art andit is desired, therefore, that the invention be limited only by thescope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. Apparatus for binding together the edges of juxtaposed sheets in padscomprising means for successively forming spaced perforations in a padarrangement of sheets adjacent its edge transversely of the planes ofthe sheets, means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thusformed, simultaneously with the formation of another perforation, a padsupport, guide means for guiding said pad support for shifting the padarrangement laterally when the perforating means are withdrawn from theperforations, and stop means for limiting this lateral movement toposition the pad arrangement for a succeeding perforating and insertingoperation.

2. Apparatus for binding together the edges of juxtaposed sheets in padscomprising drilling means for successively forming spaced perforationsin a pad arrangement of sheets adjacent its edge transversely of theplanes of the sheets, means for inserting a fastener through aperforation thus formed, simultaneously with the formation of anotherperforation, a pad support, guide means-for guiding said pad support forshifting the pad arrangement laterally when the perforating means arewithdrawn from the perforations, and stop means for limiting thislateral movement to position the pad arrangement for a succeedingperforating and inserting operation.

3. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets inpads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and theadjacent edge of the pad comprising means for perforating a pad adjacentits edge, and

- means for thereafter inserting a fastener through a perforationcomprising driving means for forcing said straight entering portion totravel endwise and guide means engaged by said originally straightfastener portion in its movement for curling successive portions of theadvance end of said straight portion to cause it to enter saidperforation and form a loop extending through said perforation andaround the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being largeenough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end ofthe fastener, and means for supplying individual fasteners one at avtime to said inserting means.

'4. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheetsin pads by means of 'individual deformable fasteners comprisin means forforming perforations in a pad adjacent its edge, and means for insertinga fastener through a perforation thus formed, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and forcurling successive portions of the advance end of said straight portionto cause it to enter said perforations and form a loop extending throughsaid perforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, saidperforations being large enough to enable the free end and passage ofthe curled moving end of the fastener, and meansfor supplying individualfasteners one at a time to said inserting means. I

5. Apparatus for binding together the edges of perforated sheets in padscomprising means for. successively forming spaced perforations in a padadjacent its edge, step feeding means for feeding said pad edg'ewise,and means for inserting a fastener through a perforation thus formed,simultaneously with the formation of another perforation, said fastenerhaving originally a substantially straight entering portion to be formedinto' a loop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation andthe adjacent edge of the pad, said inserting means comprising drivingmeans for forcing said straight entering portion to travel endwise andguide means engaged by said originally straight fastener portion in itsmovement for curling successive portions of the advance end of saidstraight portion to cause it to enter said perforation and form a loopextending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of thepad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry andpassage of the curled moving end of the fastener.

(ii Apparatus for perforating and joining together the edges of sheetsin pads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener beingoriginally substantially plural-prong shaped and having. a plurality ofsubstantially straight parallel spaced entering arm portions to beformed into a plurality of loops embracing a portion of the pad betweenthe perforations and the adjacent edge of the pad, comprising means forperforating the pad adjacent its edge, and means for thereafterinserting a fastener through said perforations comprising driving meansfor forcing said straight parallel arm portions to travel-endwise andguide means engaged by said straight portions in their movement forcurling successive portions of the advance ends of said straight armportions to cause them to enter said perforations and form loopsextending through said perforations and around the adjacent edge of thepad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry andpassage of the curled moving end of the fastener,

and means for sug-plying individual fastener one at a time to saidinserting means.

'7. Apparatus for perforating and joining together the edges of sheetsin pads by means of individual deformed fasteners, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad'between the perforations and theadjacent edge of the pad comprising means for perforating the padadjacent its edge, means ual fastener, and means for supplying fasteners8. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets inpads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforation and theadjacent edge of the pad comprising means for perforating a pad adjacentits edge, and means for thereafter inserting a fastener through aperforation comprising reciprocable driving means for forcing saidstraight entering portion to travel endwise and guide means engaged bysaid originally straight fastener portion in its movement for curlingsuccessive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to causeit to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through saidperforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforationsbeing large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curledmoving end of the fastener. v y

9. Apparatus for perforating and binding together the edges of sheets inpads by means of individual deformable fasteners comprising means forforming perforations in a pad adjacent its edge, and means for insertinga fastener through a perforation thus formed, said fastener havingoriginally a substantiallystraight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and theadjacent edge of the pad, said perforating means entering the pad fromthe same side as that on which the fastener enters the pad, s'adinserting 40 means comprising rec'iprocable driving means for forthereafter inserting a fastener through said forcing said straightentering portion to travel endwise and guide means engaged by saidoriginally straight fastenerportion in its movement for curlingsuccessive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to causeit to enter said 'perforation and form a loop extending through saidperforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, saidperforations-being largeenough to enable the free entry and passage ofthe curled moving end of the fastener.

10. Apparatus for perforating and joining together the edges of sheetsin pads by means of individual deformable fasteners, said fastener beingoriginally substantially U-shaped and having two'substantially straightparallel spaced entering arm portions to be formed into a pair of loopsembracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and the adjacentedge of the pad, com prising means for perforating the pad adjacent itsedge, and means for thereafter inserting a fastener through saidperforations comprising reciprocable driving means for forcing saidstraight parallel arm portions to travel endwise and guide means engagedby said straight portions in their movement for curling successiveportions-of the advance ends ofsaid straight arm portions to cause themto enter said perforations and form loops extending through saidperforations and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforationsbeing large enough to enable the free entry and passage of the curledmoving ends of the fastener.

11. Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by meansof an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets havingaligned perforations adjacent their edges, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and theadjacent-edge of the pad comprising inserting means for forcing saidstraight entering portion to travel endwise, guide means engaged by saidoriginally straight fastener portion in its movement for curlingsuccessive portions of the advance end of, said straight portion tocause it to enter said perforation and form a loop extending throughsaid perforation and around the adjacent ed e of the'pad, saidperforations being ,large enough to enable the free entry and passage ofthe curled moving end of the fastener, and means-for supplyingindividual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means.

12..Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by meansof an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets havingaligned perforations adjacent their edges, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to be formed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad. between the perforations and theadjacent edge of the pad comprising inserting means for forcing saidstraight entering portion to travel endwise, guide means engaged by saidoriginally straight fastener portion in its movement for curlingsuccessive Dortions of the advance end of said straight portion straightentering portion to be formed into a loop embracing a portion of the padbetween the perforations and the adjacent edge of, the pad comprisinginserting" means for forcing said 7 .cessive portions of the advance endof said to cause it to enter said perforation and form a 4 loopextending through said perforation and around the adjacent edge of thepad, said perforations being large enough to enable the free entry andpassage of the curled moving end of the fastener, and means forsupplying individual fasteners one at a time to said inserting means,said guide means comprising a forming element engageable by the outsideof the coiled portion of the fastener, and a forming element engageableby the inside of the coiled portion of the fastener and surrounded bysaid loop.

13. Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by meansof an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets havingaligned perforations adjacent their edges, said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight portion to cause it to enter saidperforation and form a loop extending through said perforation. andaround the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforations being largeenough to enable the free entry and passage of the curled moving end ofthe fastener, and means for supplying individual fasteners one at a timeto said inserting means, said guide means comprising a forming elementengageable by the outside of the coiled portion of the fastener, and aforming element engageable by the inside of the coiled portion of thefastener and surrounded by said loop, said loop being removable withrespect to said inside forming element by lateral movement of the loopwith respect to said forming element.

14. Apparatus for binding together the edges of sheets in a pad by meansof an individual deformable fastener, said pad comprising sheets havingaligned perforations adjacent their edges. said fastener havingoriginally a substantially straight entering portion to beformed into aloop embracing a portion of the pad between the perforations and theadjacent edge of the pad comprising inserting means for forcing saidstraight entering portion to travel endwise, guide means engaged by saidoriginally straight fastener portion in its movement for curlingsuccessive portions of the advance end of said straight portion to causeit to enter said perforation and form a loop extending through saidperforation and around the adjacent edge of the pad, said perforationsbeing large enough to enable the free entryand passage of the curledmoving end of the fastener, means for supplying individual fasteners oneat a time to said inserting means, and means for bending the rearwardend of said fastener to form a portion extending substantially Vtangentially to said loop portion.

GEORGE G. GRINNELL.

